Enable iOS ClearKey DASH playback via local CENC decrypt proxy.

MobileVLCKit cannot decrypt ClearKey; the app now decrypts segments in-process and feeds plain DASH to VLC, removing the coming-soon DRM dead-end (0.5.1/13).

apps/ios/README.md

@@ -42,10 +42,10 @@ open VMCTV.xcodeproj
 
 `Vendor/MobileVLCKit.xcframework` en `Vendor/TVVLCKit.xcframework` staan niet in git (te groot). Altijd op de Mac via de scripts installeren.
 
-## Live TV / Events / ClearKey (0.5.x)
+## Live TV / Events / ClearKey (0.5.1+)
 
 - `streamId` is een **String** (`"123"` of `"custom:uuid"`); path-segmenten worden URL-geëncodeerd (inclusief `:`).
 - Play-response parseert `format`, `drm` (ClearKey kids/keys) en `watchSessionId`.
 - Heartbeat: `POST /api/v1/client/watching/heartbeat` ~elke 25s bij custom live + events.
-- **ClearKey/DASH:** best-effort via VLC media options (`:demux=dash`, `:cenc-key=…`). MobileVLCKit heeft geen officiële ClearKey-API zoals ExoPlayer; Xtream HLS/TS speelt normaal. Als decryptie faalt toont de app: *“Deze stream vereist DRM-ondersteuning die binnenkort komt”*.
+- **ClearKey/DASH:** lokale in-app proxy (`ClearKeyDashProxy`) haalt MPD/segmenten op, decrypt CENC/CBCS met de API-keys (zelfde hex kid/key + GUID-endianness als Android), en speelt plain DASH via MobileVLCKit. Xtream HLS/TS speelt direct zonder proxy.
 - Events-tab verschijnt als `/me` → `events.enabled` true is.

apps/ios/VMC.xcodeproj/project.pbxproj

@@ -16,6 +16,10 @@
 		A6FDE760B2484854BAE25395 /* ProfileAvatars.swift in Sources */ = {isa = PBXBuildFile; fileRef = 8BE72D16CFAE415F9B52FE43 /* ProfileAvatars.swift */; };
 		424E70D5A34B48EFA6EAE5E7 /* VLCPlayerController.swift in Sources */ = {isa = PBXBuildFile; fileRef = ED163B837C404A1183E20226 /* VLCPlayerController.swift */; };
 		15ABF9F7AD2B4D04B118C331 /* PlayerScreen.swift in Sources */ = {isa = PBXBuildFile; fileRef = 2BFA8FFCE77B497FBE503CA0 /* PlayerScreen.swift */; };
+		A11C1EAF0000000000000001 /* ClearKeyMaterial.swift in Sources */ = {isa = PBXBuildFile; fileRef = B11C1EAF0000000000000001 /* ClearKeyMaterial.swift */; };
+		A11C1EAF0000000000000002 /* AesCtr.swift in Sources */ = {isa = PBXBuildFile; fileRef = B11C1EAF0000000000000002 /* AesCtr.swift */; };
+		A11C1EAF0000000000000003 /* CencMp4Decryptor.swift in Sources */ = {isa = PBXBuildFile; fileRef = B11C1EAF0000000000000003 /* CencMp4Decryptor.swift */; };
+		A11C1EAF0000000000000004 /* ClearKeyDashProxy.swift in Sources */ = {isa = PBXBuildFile; fileRef = B11C1EAF0000000000000004 /* ClearKeyDashProxy.swift */; };
 		F8AE29FF63524E7D8C036C7E /* RootView.swift in Sources */ = {isa = PBXBuildFile; fileRef = 522137D80C53480E95FF600F /* RootView.swift */; };
 		D5D29939C5A64A23AF7AD046 /* MainShell.swift in Sources */ = {isa = PBXBuildFile; fileRef = BF5E450343884C11B0920888 /* MainShell.swift */; };
 		1EF110B9F82E440F999ECE37 /* Components.swift in Sources */ = {isa = PBXBuildFile; fileRef = 314B20E94E6B4034B1EF282B /* Components.swift */; };
@@ -47,6 +51,10 @@
 		8BE72D16CFAE415F9B52FE43 /* ProfileAvatars.swift */ = {isa = PBXFileReference; lastKnownFileType = sourcecode.swift; path = ProfileAvatars.swift; sourceTree = "<group>"; };
 		ED163B837C404A1183E20226 /* VLCPlayerController.swift */ = {isa = PBXFileReference; lastKnownFileType = sourcecode.swift; path = VLCPlayerController.swift; sourceTree = "<group>"; };
 		2BFA8FFCE77B497FBE503CA0 /* PlayerScreen.swift */ = {isa = PBXFileReference; lastKnownFileType = sourcecode.swift; path = PlayerScreen.swift; sourceTree = "<group>"; };
+		B11C1EAF0000000000000001 /* ClearKeyMaterial.swift */ = {isa = PBXFileReference; lastKnownFileType = sourcecode.swift; path = ClearKeyMaterial.swift; sourceTree = "<group>"; };
+		B11C1EAF0000000000000002 /* AesCtr.swift */ = {isa = PBXFileReference; lastKnownFileType = sourcecode.swift; path = AesCtr.swift; sourceTree = "<group>"; };
+		B11C1EAF0000000000000003 /* CencMp4Decryptor.swift */ = {isa = PBXFileReference; lastKnownFileType = sourcecode.swift; path = CencMp4Decryptor.swift; sourceTree = "<group>"; };
+		B11C1EAF0000000000000004 /* ClearKeyDashProxy.swift */ = {isa = PBXFileReference; lastKnownFileType = sourcecode.swift; path = ClearKeyDashProxy.swift; sourceTree = "<group>"; };
 		522137D80C53480E95FF600F /* RootView.swift */ = {isa = PBXFileReference; lastKnownFileType = sourcecode.swift; path = RootView.swift; sourceTree = "<group>"; };
 		BF5E450343884C11B0920888 /* MainShell.swift */ = {isa = PBXFileReference; lastKnownFileType = sourcecode.swift; path = MainShell.swift; sourceTree = "<group>"; };
 		314B20E94E6B4034B1EF282B /* Components.swift */ = {isa = PBXFileReference; lastKnownFileType = sourcecode.swift; path = Components.swift; sourceTree = "<group>"; };
@@ -151,6 +159,10 @@
 			children = (
 				ED163B837C404A1183E20226 /* VLCPlayerController.swift */,
 				2BFA8FFCE77B497FBE503CA0 /* PlayerScreen.swift */,
+				B11C1EAF0000000000000001 /* ClearKeyMaterial.swift */,
+				B11C1EAF0000000000000002 /* AesCtr.swift */,
+				B11C1EAF0000000000000003 /* CencMp4Decryptor.swift */,
+				B11C1EAF0000000000000004 /* ClearKeyDashProxy.swift */,
 			);
 			path = Playback;
 			sourceTree = "<group>";
@@ -258,6 +270,10 @@
 				A6FDE760B2484854BAE25395 /* ProfileAvatars.swift in Sources */,
 				424E70D5A34B48EFA6EAE5E7 /* VLCPlayerController.swift in Sources */,
 				15ABF9F7AD2B4D04B118C331 /* PlayerScreen.swift in Sources */,
+				A11C1EAF0000000000000001 /* ClearKeyMaterial.swift in Sources */,
+				A11C1EAF0000000000000002 /* AesCtr.swift in Sources */,
+				A11C1EAF0000000000000003 /* CencMp4Decryptor.swift in Sources */,
+				A11C1EAF0000000000000004 /* ClearKeyDashProxy.swift in Sources */,
 				F8AE29FF63524E7D8C036C7E /* RootView.swift in Sources */,
 				D5D29939C5A64A23AF7AD046 /* MainShell.swift in Sources */,
 				1EF110B9F82E440F999ECE37 /* Components.swift in Sources */,
@@ -321,7 +337,7 @@
 				ASSETCATALOG_COMPILER_APPICON_NAME = AppIcon;
 				ASSETCATALOG_COMPILER_GLOBAL_ACCENT_COLOR_NAME = AccentColor;
 				CODE_SIGN_STYLE = Automatic;
-				CURRENT_PROJECT_VERSION = 12;
+				CURRENT_PROJECT_VERSION = 13;
 				DEVELOPMENT_TEAM = X25NYX3K49;
 				ENABLE_BITCODE = NO;
 				ENABLE_PREVIEWS = YES;
@@ -336,7 +352,7 @@
 				"$(inherited)",
 				"@executable_path/Frameworks"
 				);
-				MARKETING_VERSION = 0.5.0;
+				MARKETING_VERSION = 0.5.1;
 				OTHER_LDFLAGS = ("$(inherited)", "-ObjC");
 				PRODUCT_BUNDLE_IDENTIFIER = nl.vonas.mediacluster.ios;
 				PRODUCT_NAME = "$(TARGET_NAME)";
@@ -354,7 +370,7 @@
 				ASSETCATALOG_COMPILER_APPICON_NAME = AppIcon;
 				ASSETCATALOG_COMPILER_GLOBAL_ACCENT_COLOR_NAME = AccentColor;
 				CODE_SIGN_STYLE = Automatic;
-				CURRENT_PROJECT_VERSION = 12;
+				CURRENT_PROJECT_VERSION = 13;
 				DEVELOPMENT_TEAM = X25NYX3K49;
 				ENABLE_BITCODE = NO;
 				ENABLE_PREVIEWS = YES;
@@ -369,7 +385,7 @@
 				"$(inherited)",
 				"@executable_path/Frameworks"
 				);
-				MARKETING_VERSION = 0.5.0;
+				MARKETING_VERSION = 0.5.1;
 				OTHER_LDFLAGS = ("$(inherited)", "-ObjC");
 				PRODUCT_BUNDLE_IDENTIFIER = nl.vonas.mediacluster.ios;
 				PRODUCT_NAME = "$(TARGET_NAME)";

apps/ios/VMC/Playback/AesCtr.swift

@@ -0,0 +1,120 @@
+import CommonCrypto
+import Foundation
+
+enum AesCtr {
+    /// AES-128-CTR (big-endian counter), zoals CENC `cenc` scheme.
+    static func crypt(key: Data, iv: Data, data: Data) -> Data? {
+        guard key.count == 16, data.count > 0 else {
+            return data.isEmpty ? data : nil
+        }
+        var counter = Data(count: 16)
+        let copyLen = min(iv.count, 16)
+        counter.replaceSubrange(0..<copyLen, with: iv.prefix(copyLen))
+
+        var cryptor: CCCryptorRef?
+        let status = counter.withUnsafeBytes { ivBytes in
+            key.withUnsafeBytes { keyBytes in
+                CCCryptorCreateWithMode(
+                    CCOperation(kCCEncrypt),
+                    CCMode(kCCModeCTR),
+                    CCAlgorithm(kCCAlgorithmAES),
+                    CCPadding(ccNoPadding),
+                    ivBytes.baseAddress,
+                    keyBytes.baseAddress,
+                    key.count,
+                    nil,
+                    0,
+                    0,
+                    CCModeOptions(kCCModeOptionCTR_BE),
+                    &cryptor
+                )
+            }
+        }
+        guard status == kCCSuccess, let cryptor else { return nil }
+        defer { CCCryptorRelease(cryptor) }
+
+        var out = Data(count: data.count)
+        var moved = 0
+        let cryptStatus = out.withUnsafeMutableBytes { outBytes in
+            data.withUnsafeBytes { inBytes in
+                CCCryptorUpdate(
+                    cryptor,
+                    inBytes.baseAddress,
+                    data.count,
+                    outBytes.baseAddress,
+                    data.count,
+                    &moved
+                )
+            }
+        }
+        guard cryptStatus == kCCSuccess, moved == data.count else { return nil }
+        return out
+    }
+
+    /// CBCS pattern: decrypt `crypt` 16-byte blocks, skip `skip` blocks; leftover &lt;16 clear.
+    static func cryptCbcs(
+        key: Data,
+        iv: Data,
+        data: Data,
+        cryptByteBlock: Int,
+        skipByteBlock: Int
+    ) -> Data? {
+        guard key.count == 16 else { return nil }
+        if cryptByteBlock <= 0 {
+            return data
+        }
+        let cryptLen = 16 * cryptByteBlock
+        let skipLen = 16 * max(skipByteBlock, 0)
+        var result = data
+        var offset = 0
+        var blockIv = Data(count: 16)
+        let ivCopy = min(iv.count, 16)
+        blockIv.replaceSubrange(0..<ivCopy, with: iv.prefix(ivCopy))
+
+        while offset < result.count {
+            let remaining = result.count - offset
+            if remaining < cryptLen { break }
+            let slice = result.subdata(in: offset..<(offset + cryptLen))
+            guard let plain = aesCbcDecryptNoPad(key: key, iv: blockIv, data: slice) else { return nil }
+            result.replaceSubrange(offset..<(offset + cryptLen), with: plain)
+            // Next IV = last ciphertext block (CBC chain within crypt run).
+            blockIv = slice.suffix(16)
+            offset += cryptLen
+            let skip = min(skipLen, result.count - offset)
+            offset += skip
+            // Pattern: IV resets per subsample in caller; within subsample after skip, continue with updated IV.
+        }
+        return result
+    }
+
+    private static func aesCbcDecryptNoPad(key: Data, iv: Data, data: Data) -> Data? {
+        guard data.count % 16 == 0, data.count > 0 else { return data.isEmpty ? data : nil }
+        var out = Data(count: data.count)
+        var moved = 0
+        var ivMut = iv
+        if ivMut.count < 16 { ivMut.append(Data(count: 16 - ivMut.count)) }
+        let status = out.withUnsafeMutableBytes { outBytes in
+            data.withUnsafeBytes { inBytes in
+                key.withUnsafeBytes { keyBytes in
+                    ivMut.withUnsafeMutableBytes { ivBytes in
+                        CCCrypt(
+                            CCOperation(kCCDecrypt),
+                            CCAlgorithm(kCCAlgorithmAES),
+                            CCOptions(0),
+                            keyBytes.baseAddress,
+                            key.count,
+                            ivBytes.baseAddress,
+                            inBytes.baseAddress,
+                            data.count,
+                            outBytes.baseAddress,
+                            data.count,
+                            &moved
+                        )
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        }
+        guard status == kCCSuccess, moved == data.count else { return nil }
+        return out
+    }
+}

apps/ios/VMC/Playback/CencMp4Decryptor.swift

@@ -0,0 +1,635 @@
+import Foundation
+
+/// In-place CENC/CBCS decryptie van gefragmenteerde MP4 (init + media segments).
+enum CencMp4Decryptor {
+    struct TrackCrypto {
+        var kid: Data
+        var perSampleIvSize: Int
+        var constantIv: Data?
+        var scheme: String // cenc | cbcs | cbc1 | cens
+        var cryptByteBlock: Int
+        var skipByteBlock: Int
+    }
+
+    struct SessionState {
+        var byTrackId: [UInt32: TrackCrypto] = [:]
+        var fallback: TrackCrypto?
+    }
+
+    @discardableResult
+    static func process(data: inout Data, keys: ClearKeyKeyMap, state: inout SessionState) -> Bool {
+        guard !data.isEmpty, !keys.isEmpty else { return false }
+        var touched = false
+        if containsBox(data, type: "moov") {
+            harvestAndClearInit(&data, keys: keys, state: &state)
+            touched = true
+        }
+        if containsBox(data, type: "moof") {
+            decryptFragments(&data, keys: keys, state: state)
+            touched = true
+        }
+        return touched
+    }
+
+    // MARK: - Box helpers
+
+    private struct Box {
+        let type: String
+        let start: Int
+        let headerSize: Int
+        let size: Int
+        var payloadStart: Int { start + headerSize }
+        var payloadEnd: Int { start + size }
+        var payloadLength: Int { size - headerSize }
+    }
+
+    private static func containsBox(_ data: Data, type: String) -> Bool {
+        findBoxes(data, type: type, recursive: true).isEmpty == false
+    }
+
+    private static func findBoxes(_ data: Data, type: String, recursive: Bool) -> [Box] {
+        var out: [Box] = []
+        walk(data, from: 0, to: data.count, recursive: recursive) { box in
+            if box.type == type { out.append(box) }
+            return true
+        }
+        return out
+    }
+
+    private static func walk(
+        _ data: Data,
+        from: Int,
+        to: Int,
+        recursive: Bool,
+        visit: (Box) -> Bool
+    ) {
+        var offset = from
+        let containers: Set<String> = [
+            "moov", "trak", "mdia", "minf", "stbl", "moof", "traf",
+            "mvex", "edts", "sinf", "schi", "dinf", "udta", "meta",
+        ]
+        while offset + 8 <= to {
+            guard let box = readBox(data, at: offset, limit: to) else { break }
+            let cont = visit(box)
+            if !cont { return }
+            if recursive, containers.contains(box.type), box.payloadLength > 0 {
+                walk(data, from: box.payloadStart, to: box.payloadEnd, recursive: true, visit: visit)
+            }
+            offset = box.payloadEnd
+            if box.size <= 0 { break }
+        }
+    }
+
+    private static func readBox(_ data: Data, at offset: Int, limit: Int) -> Box? {
+        guard offset + 8 <= limit else { return nil }
+        var size = Int(readU32(data, offset))
+        let type = readFourCC(data, offset + 4)
+        var header = 8
+        if size == 1 {
+            guard offset + 16 <= limit else { return nil }
+            let large = readU64(data, offset + 8)
+            size = Int(large)
+            header = 16
+        } else if size == 0 {
+            size = limit - offset
+        }
+        guard size >= header, offset + size <= limit else { return nil }
+        return Box(type: type, start: offset, headerSize: header, size: size)
+    }
+
+    private static func readU16(_ data: Data, _ o: Int) -> UInt16 {
+        UInt16(data[o]) << 8 | UInt16(data[o + 1])
+    }
+
+    private static func readU32(_ data: Data, _ o: Int) -> UInt32 {
+        UInt32(data[o]) << 24 | UInt32(data[o + 1]) << 16 | UInt32(data[o + 2]) << 8 | UInt32(data[o + 3])
+    }
+
+    private static func readU64(_ data: Data, _ o: Int) -> UInt64 {
+        (UInt64(readU32(data, o)) << 32) | UInt64(readU32(data, o + 4))
+    }
+
+    private static func readFourCC(_ data: Data, _ o: Int) -> String {
+        String(bytes: data[o..<(o + 4)], encoding: .ascii) ?? "????"
+    }
+
+    private static func writeFourCC(_ data: inout Data, _ o: Int, _ s: String) {
+        let chars = Array(s.utf8)
+        guard chars.count == 4, o + 4 <= data.count else { return }
+        for i in 0..<4 { data[o + i] = chars[i] }
+    }
+
+    // MARK: - Init segment
+
+    private static func harvestAndClearInit(_ data: inout Data, keys: ClearKeyKeyMap, state: inout SessionState) {
+        // Track id from tkhd, crypto from sinf/tenc/frma/schm inside same trak.
+        for trak in findBoxes(data, type: "trak", recursive: true) {
+            var trackId: UInt32?
+            walk(data, from: trak.payloadStart, to: trak.payloadEnd, recursive: true) { box in
+                if box.type == "tkhd", box.payloadLength >= 8 {
+                    let version = Int(data[box.payloadStart])
+                    let idOff = box.payloadStart + (version == 1 ? 20 : 12)
+                    if idOff + 4 <= box.payloadEnd {
+                        trackId = readU32(data, idOff)
+                    }
+                }
+                return true
+            }
+            var crypto: TrackCrypto?
+            var originalFormat: String?
+            walk(data, from: trak.payloadStart, to: trak.payloadEnd, recursive: true) { box in
+                if box.type == "frma", box.payloadLength >= 4 {
+                    originalFormat = readFourCC(data, box.payloadStart)
+                }
+                if box.type == "schm", box.payloadLength >= 8 {
+                    // version/flags (4) + scheme_type (4)
+                    let scheme = readFourCC(data, box.payloadStart + 4)
+                    if crypto == nil {
+                        crypto = TrackCrypto(
+                            kid: Data(count: 16),
+                            perSampleIvSize: 8,
+                            constantIv: nil,
+                            scheme: scheme,
+                            cryptByteBlock: 0,
+                            skipByteBlock: 0
+                        )
+                    } else {
+                        crypto?.scheme = scheme
+                    }
+                }
+                if box.type == "tenc", box.payloadLength >= 20 {
+                    let version = Int(data[box.payloadStart])
+                    let base = box.payloadStart + 4 // na version+flags
+                    var o = base
+                    o += 1 // reserved
+                    var cryptBlocks = 0
+                    var skipBlocks = 0
+                    if version >= 1 {
+                        let pattern = data[o]
+                        cryptBlocks = Int((pattern >> 4) & 0x0F)
+                        skipBlocks = Int(pattern & 0x0F)
+                    }
+                    o += 1 // reserved (v0) of pattern (v1)
+                    let isProtectedIndex = o
+                    let isProtected = Int(data[o]); o += 1
+                    let ivSize = Int(data[o]); o += 1
+                    let kid = data.subdata(in: o..<(o + 16)); o += 16
+                    _ = isProtected
+                    var constantIv: Data?
+                    if ivSize == 0, o < box.payloadEnd {
+                        let constSize = Int(data[o]); o += 1
+                        if constSize > 0, o + constSize <= box.payloadEnd {
+                            constantIv = data.subdata(in: o..<(o + constSize))
+                        }
+                    }
+                    crypto = TrackCrypto(
+                        kid: kid,
+                        perSampleIvSize: ivSize,
+                        constantIv: constantIv,
+                        scheme: crypto?.scheme ?? "cenc",
+                        cryptByteBlock: cryptBlocks,
+                        skipByteBlock: skipBlocks
+                    )
+                    data[isProtectedIndex] = 0
+                }
+                return true
+            }
+
+            // Replace encv/enca with original format (same 4 bytes → no size rewrite).
+            if let originalFormat {
+                walk(data, from: trak.payloadStart, to: trak.payloadEnd, recursive: true) { box in
+                    // Sample entries live in stsd; type is at box.type for encv/enca boxes themselves.
+                    return true
+                }
+                // Find encv/enca boxes by scanning stsd children manually.
+                for stsd in findBoxes(data, type: "stsd", recursive: true) {
+                    guard stsd.start >= trak.start, stsd.payloadEnd <= trak.payloadEnd else { continue }
+                    var o = stsd.payloadStart + 4 // version/flags + entry_count follows version/flags (4) then count (4)
+                    // FullBox (4) + entry_count (4)
+                    o = stsd.payloadStart + 8
+                    while o + 8 <= stsd.payloadEnd {
+                        guard let entry = readBox(data, at: o, limit: stsd.payloadEnd) else { break }
+                        if entry.type == "encv" || entry.type == "enca" {
+                            writeFourCC(&data, entry.start + 4, originalFormat)
+                        }
+                        o = entry.payloadEnd
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+
+            if let crypto {
+                if let trackId {
+                    state.byTrackId[trackId] = crypto
+                }
+                state.fallback = crypto
+                _ = keys.key(forKid: crypto.kid)
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    // MARK: - Media fragments
+
+    private static func decryptFragments(_ data: inout Data, keys: ClearKeyKeyMap, state: SessionState) {
+        // Pair each moof with the following mdat.
+        var offset = 0
+        while offset + 8 <= data.count {
+            guard let box = readBox(data, at: offset, limit: data.count) else { break }
+            if box.type == "moof" {
+                let moof = box
+                var mdat: Box?
+                var scan = moof.payloadEnd
+                while scan + 8 <= data.count {
+                    guard let next = readBox(data, at: scan, limit: data.count) else { break }
+                    if next.type == "mdat" {
+                        mdat = next
+                        break
+                    }
+                    if next.type == "moof" { break }
+                    scan = next.payloadEnd
+                }
+                if let mdat {
+                    decryptMoofMdat(moof: moof, mdat: mdat, data: &data, keys: keys, state: state)
+                }
+            }
+            offset = box.payloadEnd
+        }
+    }
+
+    private static func decryptMoofMdat(
+        moof: Box,
+        mdat: Box,
+        data: inout Data,
+        keys: ClearKeyKeyMap,
+        state: SessionState
+    ) {
+        let trafs = findBoxesInRange(data, type: "traf", from: moof.payloadStart, to: moof.payloadEnd)
+        var mdatCursor = mdat.payloadStart
+
+        for traf in trafs {
+            var trackId: UInt32 = 0
+            var defaultSampleSize: UInt32 = 0
+            var baseDataOffset: Int64 = Int64(mdat.payloadStart)
+            var dataOffsetPresent = false
+            var sampleSizes: [Int] = []
+            var sencSamples: [SencSample] = []
+            var perSampleIvSize = state.fallback?.perSampleIvSize ?? 8
+
+            // tfhd
+            for tfhd in findBoxesInRange(data, type: "tfhd", from: traf.payloadStart, to: traf.payloadEnd) {
+                let versionFlags = readU32(data, tfhd.payloadStart)
+                let flags = versionFlags & 0x00FF_FFFF
+                var o = tfhd.payloadStart + 4
+                trackId = readU32(data, o); o += 4
+                if let crypto = state.byTrackId[trackId] {
+                    perSampleIvSize = crypto.perSampleIvSize
+                }
+                if flags & 0x000001 != 0 { // base-data-offset
+                    baseDataOffset = Int64(readU64(data, o)); o += 8
+                    dataOffsetPresent = true
+                }
+                if flags & 0x000002 != 0 { o += 4 } // sample-description-index
+                if flags & 0x000008 != 0 {
+                    defaultSampleSize = readU32(data, o); o += 4
+                }
+                _ = versionFlags
+            }
+
+            // trun
+            for trun in findBoxesInRange(data, type: "trun", from: traf.payloadStart, to: traf.payloadEnd) {
+                let versionFlags = readU32(data, trun.payloadStart)
+                let version = Int(versionFlags >> 24)
+                let flags = versionFlags & 0x00FF_FFFF
+                var o = trun.payloadStart + 4
+                let sampleCount = Int(readU32(data, o)); o += 4
+                var dataOffset: Int32 = 0
+                if flags & 0x000001 != 0 {
+                    dataOffset = Int32(bitPattern: readU32(data, o)); o += 4
+                    dataOffsetPresent = true
+                }
+                if flags & 0x000004 != 0 { o += 4 } // first-sample-flags
+                sampleSizes.removeAll(keepingCapacity: true)
+                for _ in 0..<sampleCount {
+                    if flags & 0x000100 != 0 { // sample-duration
+                        o += 4
+                    }
+                    var size = Int(defaultSampleSize)
+                    if flags & 0x000200 != 0 {
+                        size = Int(readU32(data, o)); o += 4
+                    }
+                    sampleSizes.append(size)
+                    if flags & 0x000400 != 0 { o += 4 } // sample-flags
+                    if flags & 0x000800 != 0 {
+                        o += version == 0 ? 4 : 4 // sample-composition-time-offset
+                    }
+                }
+                if dataOffsetPresent {
+                    // data_offset is relative to moof start when base-data-offset-present is NOT set;
+                    // when base-data-offset is set, absolute = base + dataOffset.
+                    // Common CMAF: no base-data-offset, data_offset relative to moof.
+                    let tfhd = findBoxesInRange(data, type: "tfhd", from: traf.payloadStart, to: traf.payloadEnd).first
+                    let tfhdFlags: UInt32 = {
+                        guard let tfhd else { return 0 }
+                        return readU32(data, tfhd.payloadStart) & 0x00FF_FFFF
+                    }()
+                    if tfhdFlags & 0x000001 != 0 {
+                        mdatCursor = Int(baseDataOffset + Int64(dataOffset))
+                    } else {
+                        mdatCursor = moof.start + Int(dataOffset)
+                    }
+                }
+                _ = version
+            }
+
+            // senc
+            let crypto = state.byTrackId[trackId] ?? state.fallback
+            if let crypto {
+                perSampleIvSize = crypto.perSampleIvSize
+            }
+            for senc in findBoxesInRange(data, type: "senc", from: traf.payloadStart, to: traf.payloadEnd) {
+                sencSamples = parseSenc(data, box: senc, perSampleIvSize: perSampleIvSize, constantIv: crypto?.constantIv)
+            }
+
+            // saiz/saio fallback when no senc
+            if sencSamples.isEmpty {
+                sencSamples = parseSaizSaio(
+                    data,
+                    traf: traf,
+                    moof: moof,
+                    perSampleIvSize: perSampleIvSize,
+                    constantIv: crypto?.constantIv,
+                    sampleCount: sampleSizes.count
+                )
+            }
+
+            guard !sampleSizes.isEmpty, sencSamples.count == sampleSizes.count || sencSamples.isEmpty == false else {
+                // Advance cursor even if we cannot decrypt.
+                for sz in sampleSizes { mdatCursor += sz }
+                continue
+            }
+
+            let key: Data? = {
+                if let crypto, let k = keys.key(forKid: crypto.kid) { return k }
+                return keys.primaryKey
+            }()
+            guard let key else {
+                for sz in sampleSizes { mdatCursor += sz }
+                continue
+            }
+
+            let scheme = (crypto?.scheme ?? "cenc").lowercased()
+            let cryptBlocks = crypto?.cryptByteBlock ?? 0
+            let skipBlocks = crypto?.skipByteBlock ?? 0
+
+            for i in 0..<sampleSizes.count {
+                let size = sampleSizes[i]
+                guard size > 0, mdatCursor + size <= data.count else { break }
+                let sampleRange = mdatCursor..<(mdatCursor + size)
+                var sample = data.subdata(in: sampleRange)
+                let senc = i < sencSamples.count ? sencSamples[i] : nil
+                if let senc {
+                    if let decrypted = decryptSample(
+                        sample,
+                        key: key,
+                        iv: senc.iv,
+                        subsamples: senc.subsamples,
+                        scheme: scheme,
+                        cryptByteBlock: cryptBlocks,
+                        skipByteBlock: skipBlocks
+                    ) {
+                        sample = decrypted
+                        data.replaceSubrange(sampleRange, with: sample)
+                    }
+                }
+                mdatCursor += size
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    private struct SencSample {
+        var iv: Data
+        var subsamples: [(clear: Int, protected: Int)]?
+    }
+
+    private static func parseSenc(
+        _ data: Data,
+        box: Box,
+        perSampleIvSize: Int,
+        constantIv: Data?
+    ) -> [SencSample] {
+        let versionFlags = readU32(data, box.payloadStart)
+        let flags = versionFlags & 0x00FF_FFFF
+        var o = box.payloadStart + 4
+        let sampleCount = Int(readU32(data, o)); o += 4
+        var out: [SencSample] = []
+        out.reserveCapacity(sampleCount)
+        let useSubsamples = (flags & 0x2) != 0
+        for _ in 0..<sampleCount {
+            var iv = Data(count: 16)
+            if perSampleIvSize > 0 {
+                let n = min(perSampleIvSize, 16)
+                guard o + n <= box.payloadEnd else { break }
+                iv.replaceSubrange(0..<n, with: data.subdata(in: o..<(o + n)))
+                o += n
+            } else if let constantIv {
+                let n = min(constantIv.count, 16)
+                iv.replaceSubrange(0..<n, with: constantIv.prefix(n))
+            }
+            var subs: [(clear: Int, protected: Int)]?
+            if useSubsamples {
+                guard o + 2 <= box.payloadEnd else { break }
+                let count = Int(readU16(data, o)); o += 2
+                var list: [(clear: Int, protected: Int)] = []
+                for _ in 0..<count {
+                    guard o + 6 <= box.payloadEnd else { break }
+                    let clear = Int(readU16(data, o)); o += 2
+                    let protected = Int(readU32(data, o)); o += 4
+                    list.append((clear, protected))
+                }
+                subs = list
+            }
+            out.append(SencSample(iv: iv, subsamples: subs))
+        }
+        return out
+    }
+
+    private static func parseSaizSaio(
+        _ data: Data,
+        traf: Box,
+        moof: Box,
+        perSampleIvSize: Int,
+        constantIv: Data?,
+        sampleCount: Int
+    ) -> [SencSample] {
+        let saizBoxes = findBoxesInRange(data, type: "saiz", from: traf.payloadStart, to: traf.payloadEnd)
+        let saioBoxes = findBoxesInRange(data, type: "saio", from: traf.payloadStart, to: traf.payloadEnd)
+        guard let saiz = saizBoxes.first, let saio = saioBoxes.first else { return [] }
+
+        let saizFlags = readU32(data, saiz.payloadStart) & 0x00FF_FFFF
+        var o = saiz.payloadStart + 4
+        if saizFlags & 0x1 != 0 { o += 8 } // aux_info_type + parameter
+        let defaultSize = Int(data[o]); o += 1
+        let count = Int(readU32(data, o)); o += 4
+        var sizes: [Int] = []
+        if defaultSize == 0 {
+            for _ in 0..<count {
+                sizes.append(Int(data[o])); o += 1
+            }
+        } else {
+            sizes = Array(repeating: defaultSize, count: count)
+        }
+
+        let saioVersionFlags = readU32(data, saio.payloadStart)
+        let saioVersion = Int(saioVersionFlags >> 24)
+        let saioFlags = saioVersionFlags & 0x00FF_FFFF
+        var so = saio.payloadStart + 4
+        if saioFlags & 0x1 != 0 { so += 8 }
+        let entryCount = Int(readU32(data, so)); so += 4
+        guard entryCount >= 1 else { return [] }
+        let auxOffset: Int
+        if saioVersion == 0 {
+            auxOffset = Int(readU32(data, so))
+        } else {
+            auxOffset = Int(readU64(data, so))
+        }
+        // Offsets are usually relative to moof start (ISO) or absolute file offset.
+        var auxPos = auxOffset
+        if auxPos < moof.start || auxPos > data.count {
+            auxPos = moof.start + auxOffset
+        }
+        guard auxPos >= 0, auxPos < data.count else { return [] }
+
+        var out: [SencSample] = []
+        let n = min(sizes.count, sampleCount > 0 ? sampleCount : sizes.count)
+        for i in 0..<n {
+            let entrySize = sizes[i]
+            guard auxPos + entrySize <= data.count else { break }
+            var p = auxPos
+            var iv = Data(count: 16)
+            if perSampleIvSize > 0 {
+                let ivn = min(perSampleIvSize, 16)
+                iv.replaceSubrange(0..<ivn, with: data.subdata(in: p..<(p + ivn)))
+                p += ivn
+            } else if let constantIv {
+                let ivn = min(constantIv.count, 16)
+                iv.replaceSubrange(0..<ivn, with: constantIv.prefix(ivn))
+            }
+            var subs: [(clear: Int, protected: Int)]?
+            if entrySize > perSampleIvSize {
+                let sc = Int(readU16(data, p)); p += 2
+                var list: [(clear: Int, protected: Int)] = []
+                for _ in 0..<sc {
+                    let clear = Int(readU16(data, p)); p += 2
+                    let protected = Int(readU32(data, p)); p += 4
+                    list.append((clear, protected))
+                }
+                subs = list
+            }
+            out.append(SencSample(iv: iv, subsamples: subs))
+            auxPos += entrySize
+        }
+        return out
+    }
+
+    private static func decryptSample(
+        _ sample: Data,
+        key: Data,
+        iv: Data,
+        subsamples: [(clear: Int, protected: Int)]?,
+        scheme: String,
+        cryptByteBlock: Int,
+        skipByteBlock: Int
+    ) -> Data? {
+        if scheme == "cbcs" || scheme == "cbc1" {
+            return decryptCbcsSample(
+                sample,
+                key: key,
+                iv: iv,
+                subsamples: subsamples,
+                cryptByteBlock: max(cryptByteBlock, 1),
+                skipByteBlock: skipByteBlock
+            )
+        }
+        // cenc / cens: AES-CTR. Concatenate protected ranges → one CTR stream → merge.
+        guard let ranges = protectedRanges(sampleCount: sample.count, subsamples: subsamples), !ranges.isEmpty else {
+            return AesCtr.crypt(key: key, iv: iv, data: sample)
+        }
+        var encrypted = Data()
+        for r in ranges {
+            encrypted.append(sample.subdata(in: r))
+        }
+        guard let plain = AesCtr.crypt(key: key, iv: iv, data: encrypted) else { return nil }
+        var out = sample
+        var read = 0
+        for r in ranges {
+            let len = r.count
+            out.replaceSubrange(r, with: plain.subdata(in: read..<(read + len)))
+            read += len
+        }
+        return out
+    }
+
+    private static func decryptCbcsSample(
+        _ sample: Data,
+        key: Data,
+        iv: Data,
+        subsamples: [(clear: Int, protected: Int)]?,
+        cryptByteBlock: Int,
+        skipByteBlock: Int
+    ) -> Data? {
+        var out = sample
+        if let subsamples {
+            var cursor = 0
+            for sub in subsamples {
+                cursor += sub.clear
+                let end = cursor + sub.protected
+                guard end <= out.count else { break }
+                let slice = out.subdata(in: cursor..<end)
+                guard let dec = AesCtr.cryptCbcs(
+                    key: key,
+                    iv: iv,
+                    data: slice,
+                    cryptByteBlock: cryptByteBlock,
+                    skipByteBlock: skipByteBlock
+                ) else { return nil }
+                out.replaceSubrange(cursor..<end, with: dec)
+                cursor = end
+            }
+            return out
+        }
+        return AesCtr.cryptCbcs(
+            key: key,
+            iv: iv,
+            data: sample,
+            cryptByteBlock: cryptByteBlock,
+            skipByteBlock: skipByteBlock
+        )
+    }
+
+    private static func protectedRanges(
+        sampleCount: Int,
+        subsamples: [(clear: Int, protected: Int)]?
+    ) -> [Range<Int>]? {
+        guard let subsamples else {
+            return [0..<sampleCount]
+        }
+        var ranges: [Range<Int>] = []
+        var cursor = 0
+        for sub in subsamples {
+            cursor += sub.clear
+            if sub.protected > 0 {
+                ranges.append(cursor..<(cursor + sub.protected))
+            }
+            cursor += sub.protected
+        }
+        return ranges
+    }
+
+    private static func findBoxesInRange(_ data: Data, type: String, from: Int, to: Int) -> [Box] {
+        var out: [Box] = []
+        walk(data, from: from, to: to, recursive: true) { box in
+            if box.type == type { out.append(box) }
+            return true
+        }
+        return out
+    }
+}

apps/ios/VMC/Playback/ClearKeyDashProxy.swift

@@ -0,0 +1,335 @@
+import Foundation
+import Network
+
+/// Lokale HTTP-proxy: haalt DASH MPD/segmenten op, strip DRM-metadata, decrypt CENC met ClearKey.
+/// VLC speelt daarna plain DASH vanaf 127.0.0.1.
+final class ClearKeyDashProxy {
+    static let shared = ClearKeyDashProxy()
+
+    private let queue = DispatchQueue(label: "nl.vonas.vmc.clearkey-proxy")
+    private var listener: NWListener?
+    private var port: UInt16 = 0
+    private var remoteManifest: URL?
+    private var keyMap: ClearKeyKeyMap?
+    private var cryptoState = CencMp4Decryptor.SessionState()
+    private var generation = 0
+
+    private init() {}
+
+    var isRunning: Bool { listener != nil && port > 0 }
+
+    /// Start (of herstart) proxy voor dit manifest + keys. Geeft lokale MPD-URL terug.
+    func start(manifestURL: URL, keys: [ClearKeyEntry]) throws -> URL {
+        let map = ClearKeyKeyMap(entries: keys)
+        guard !map.isEmpty else {
+            throw ProxyError.noKeys
+        }
+        stop()
+        remoteManifest = manifestURL
+        keyMap = map
+        cryptoState = CencMp4Decryptor.SessionState()
+        generation += 1
+
+        let params = NWParameters.tcp
+        params.allowLocalEndpointReuse = true
+        let listener = try NWListener(using: params, on: .any)
+        self.listener = listener
+
+        let ready = DispatchSemaphore(value: 0)
+        var readyError: Error?
+
+        listener.stateUpdateHandler = { [weak self] state in
+            guard let self else { return }
+            switch state {
+            case .ready:
+                if let p = listener.port?.rawValue {
+                    self.port = p
+                }
+                ready.signal()
+            case .failed(let err):
+                readyError = err
+                ready.signal()
+            default:
+                break
+            }
+        }
+
+        listener.newConnectionHandler = { [weak self] conn in
+            self?.handle(connection: conn)
+        }
+
+        listener.start(queue: queue)
+        _ = ready.wait(timeout: .now() + 5)
+        if let readyError { throw readyError }
+        guard port > 0 else { throw ProxyError.bindFailed }
+
+        return URL(string: "http://127.0.0.1:\(port)/manifest.mpd")!
+    }
+
+    func stop() {
+        listener?.cancel()
+        listener = nil
+        port = 0
+        remoteManifest = nil
+        keyMap = nil
+        cryptoState = CencMp4Decryptor.SessionState()
+    }
+
+    // MARK: - HTTP
+
+    private func handle(connection: NWConnection) {
+        connection.start(queue: queue)
+        receiveRequest(on: connection, buffer: Data())
+    }
+
+    private func receiveRequest(on connection: NWConnection, buffer: Data) {
+        connection.receive(minimumIncompleteLength: 1, maximumLength: 64 * 1024) { [weak self] data, _, isComplete, error in
+            guard let self else {
+                connection.cancel()
+                return
+            }
+            if error != nil {
+                connection.cancel()
+                return
+            }
+            var buf = buffer
+            if let data { buf.append(data) }
+            if let range = buf.range(of: Data("\r\n\r\n".utf8)) {
+                let headerData = buf.subdata(in: 0..<range.lowerBound)
+                self.serve(connection: connection, headerData: headerData)
+                return
+            }
+            if isComplete {
+                connection.cancel()
+                return
+            }
+            if buf.count > 256 * 1024 {
+                connection.cancel()
+                return
+            }
+            self.receiveRequest(on: connection, buffer: buf)
+        }
+    }
+
+    private func serve(connection: NWConnection, headerData: Data) {
+        guard let header = String(data: headerData, encoding: .utf8),
+              let firstLine = header.split(separator: "\r\n", omittingEmptySubsequences: false).first
+        else {
+            respond(connection, status: 400, contentType: "text/plain", body: Data("bad request".utf8))
+            return
+        }
+        let parts = firstLine.split(separator: " ")
+        guard parts.count >= 2 else {
+            respond(connection, status: 400, contentType: "text/plain", body: Data("bad request".utf8))
+            return
+        }
+        let method = String(parts[0])
+        let path = String(parts[1])
+        guard method == "GET" || method == "HEAD" else {
+            respond(connection, status: 405, contentType: "text/plain", body: Data("method".utf8))
+            return
+        }
+
+        Task {
+            do {
+                let (body, contentType) = try await self.payload(for: path)
+                if method == "HEAD" {
+                    self.respond(connection, status: 200, contentType: contentType, body: Data(), headOnly: true, contentLength: body.count)
+                } else {
+                    self.respond(connection, status: 200, contentType: contentType, body: body)
+                }
+            } catch {
+                let msg = error.localizedDescription
+                self.respond(connection, status: 502, contentType: "text/plain; charset=utf-8", body: Data(msg.utf8))
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    private func payload(for pathAndQuery: String) async throws -> (Data, String) {
+        guard let keyMap, let remoteManifest else {
+            throw ProxyError.notStarted
+        }
+        let pathOnly = pathAndQuery.split(separator: "?", maxSplits: 1).first.map(String.init) ?? pathAndQuery
+
+        if pathOnly == "/" || pathOnly == "/manifest.mpd" {
+            let raw = try await fetch(remoteManifest)
+            let rewritten = rewriteMpd(String(data: raw, encoding: .utf8) ?? "", mpdURL: remoteManifest)
+            return (Data(rewritten.utf8), "application/dash+xml")
+        }
+
+        if pathOnly.hasPrefix("/a/") {
+            let b64 = String(pathOnly.dropFirst(3))
+            guard let url = decodeURL(b64) else { throw ProxyError.badPath }
+            return try await fetchAndDecrypt(url, keys: keyMap)
+        }
+
+        if pathOnly.hasPrefix("/p/") {
+            let rest = String(pathOnly.dropFirst(3))
+            guard let slash = rest.firstIndex(of: "/") else { throw ProxyError.badPath }
+            let b64 = String(rest[..<slash])
+            let rel = String(rest[rest.index(after: slash)...])
+            guard let base = decodeURL(b64) else { throw ProxyError.badPath }
+            let joined = join(base: base, relative: rel.removingPercentEncoding ?? rel)
+            return try await fetchAndDecrypt(joined, keys: keyMap)
+        }
+
+        throw ProxyError.badPath
+    }
+
+    private func fetchAndDecrypt(_ url: URL, keys: ClearKeyKeyMap) async throws -> (Data, String) {
+        var data = try await fetch(url)
+        queue.sync {
+            _ = CencMp4Decryptor.process(data: &data, keys: keys, state: &cryptoState)
+        }
+        let ct: String
+        let lower = url.absoluteString.lowercased()
+        if lower.contains(".mpd") {
+            ct = "application/dash+xml"
+        } else if lower.contains(".m4s") || lower.contains(".mp4") || lower.contains("init") {
+            ct = "video/mp4"
+        } else {
+            ct = "application/octet-stream"
+        }
+        return (data, ct)
+    }
+
+    private func fetch(_ url: URL) async throws -> Data {
+        var req = URLRequest(url: url)
+        req.timeoutInterval = 20
+        req.setValue("VMC-iOS-ClearKey/0.5.1", forHTTPHeaderField: "User-Agent")
+        let (data, resp) = try await URLSession.shared.data(for: req)
+        if let http = resp as? HTTPURLResponse, !(200...299).contains(http.statusCode) {
+            throw ProxyError.upstream(http.statusCode)
+        }
+        return data
+    }
+
+    private func rewriteMpd(_ xml: String, mpdURL: URL) -> String {
+        var s = xml
+        // Strip ContentProtection (ClearKey/Widevine/PlayReady/mp4protection).
+        s = s.replacingOccurrences(
+            of: #"<ContentProtection\b[^>]*/>"#,
+            with: "",
+            options: .regularExpression
+        )
+        s = s.replacingOccurrences(
+            of: #"<ContentProtection\b[^>]*>[\s\S]*?</ContentProtection>"#,
+            with: "",
+            options: .regularExpression
+        )
+
+        let originDir = mpdURL.deletingLastPathComponent()
+        let proxyBase = "http://127.0.0.1:\(port)/p/\(encodeURL(originDir))/"
+
+        // Herschrijf bestaande BaseURL-tekst naar proxy.
+        s = s.replacingOccurrences(
+            of: #"<BaseURL>([\s\S]*?)</BaseURL>"#,
+            with: "<BaseURL>\(proxyBase)</BaseURL>",
+            options: .regularExpression
+        )
+
+        if !s.localizedCaseInsensitiveContains("<BaseURL") {
+            if let regex = try? NSRegularExpression(pattern: #"<MPD\b[^>]*>"#, options: []) {
+                let range = NSRange(s.startIndex..<s.endIndex, in: s)
+                if let match = regex.firstMatch(in: s, options: [], range: range),
+                   let r = Range(match.range, in: s) {
+                    s.insert(contentsOf: "\n  <BaseURL>\(proxyBase)</BaseURL>", at: r.upperBound)
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        // Absolute http(s) URL's in attributen → /a/<b64>
+        if let urlRegex = try? NSRegularExpression(pattern: #"https?://[^\s"'<>]+"#, options: []) {
+            let ns = s as NSString
+            let matches = urlRegex.matches(in: s, options: [], range: NSRange(location: 0, length: ns.length))
+            for match in matches.reversed() {
+                let abs = ns.substring(with: match.range)
+                // Laat lokale proxy-URL's met rust.
+                if abs.contains("127.0.0.1:\(port)") { continue }
+                let replacement = "http://127.0.0.1:\(port)/a/\(encodeURLString(abs))"
+                s = (s as NSString).replacingCharacters(in: match.range, with: replacement)
+            }
+        }
+
+        return s
+    }
+
+    private func join(base: URL, relative: String) -> URL {
+        if relative.hasPrefix("http://") || relative.hasPrefix("https://") {
+            return URL(string: relative) ?? base
+        }
+        return URL(string: relative, relativeTo: base)?.absoluteURL ?? base.appendingPathComponent(relative)
+    }
+
+    private func encodeURL(_ url: URL) -> String {
+        encodeURLString(url.absoluteString)
+    }
+
+    private func encodeURLString(_ s: String) -> String {
+        Data(s.utf8).base64EncodedString()
+            .replacingOccurrences(of: "+", with: "-")
+            .replacingOccurrences(of: "/", with: "_")
+            .replacingOccurrences(of: "=", with: "")
+    }
+
+    private func decodeURL(_ b64url: String) -> URL? {
+        var b64 = b64url
+            .replacingOccurrences(of: "-", with: "+")
+            .replacingOccurrences(of: "_", with: "/")
+        let pad = (4 - b64.count % 4) % 4
+        if pad > 0 { b64 += String(repeating: "=", count: pad) }
+        guard let data = Data(base64Encoded: b64),
+              let s = String(data: data, encoding: .utf8)
+        else { return nil }
+        return URL(string: s)
+    }
+
+    private func respond(
+        _ connection: NWConnection,
+        status: Int,
+        contentType: String,
+        body: Data,
+        headOnly: Bool = false,
+        contentLength: Int? = nil
+    ) {
+        let reason: String
+        switch status {
+        case 200: reason = "OK"
+        case 400: reason = "Bad Request"
+        case 405: reason = "Method Not Allowed"
+        case 502: reason = "Bad Gateway"
+        default: reason = "Error"
+        }
+        let len = contentLength ?? body.count
+        var header = "HTTP/1.1 \(status) \(reason)\r\n"
+        header += "Content-Type: \(contentType)\r\n"
+        header += "Content-Length: \(len)\r\n"
+        header += "Connection: close\r\n"
+        header += "Access-Control-Allow-Origin: *\r\n"
+        header += "Cache-Control: no-store\r\n"
+        header += "\r\n"
+        var payload = Data(header.utf8)
+        if !headOnly { payload.append(body) }
+        connection.send(content: payload, completion: .contentProcessed { _ in
+            connection.cancel()
+        })
+    }
+
+    enum ProxyError: LocalizedError {
+        case noKeys
+        case bindFailed
+        case notStarted
+        case badPath
+        case upstream(Int)
+
+        var errorDescription: String? {
+            switch self {
+            case .noKeys: return "Geen geldige ClearKey-sleutels"
+            case .bindFailed: return "Kon lokale ClearKey-proxy niet starten"
+            case .notStarted: return "ClearKey-proxy is niet actief"
+            case .badPath: return "Ongeldig proxy-pad"
+            case .upstream(let code): return "Upstream HTTP \(code)"
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}

apps/ios/VMC/Playback/ClearKeyMaterial.swift

@@ -0,0 +1,70 @@
+import Foundation
+
+/// ClearKey kids/keys zoals Android `buildClearKeyLicenseJson` (hex 32 + GUID-endianness).
+struct ClearKeyKeyMap {
+    /// kid-hex (lowercase, 32 chars) → key bytes (16)
+    private let keysByKid: [String: Data]
+
+    init(entries: [ClearKeyEntry]) {
+        var map: [String: Data] = [:]
+        for entry in entries {
+            guard let kid = Self.hex16(entry.kid), let key = Self.hex16(entry.key) else { continue }
+            let kidHex = kid.map { String(format: "%02x", $0) }.joined()
+            map[kidHex] = key
+            let swapped = Self.swapUuidEndianness(kid)
+            let swappedHex = swapped.map { String(format: "%02x", $0) }.joined()
+            if swappedHex != kidHex {
+                map[swappedHex] = key
+            }
+        }
+        keysByKid = map
+    }
+
+    var isEmpty: Bool { keysByKid.isEmpty }
+
+    /// Eerste key (streams hebben meestal één kid/key-paar).
+    var primaryKey: Data? { keysByKid.values.first }
+
+    func key(forKid kid: Data) -> Data? {
+        guard kid.count == 16 else { return primaryKey }
+        let hex = kid.map { String(format: "%02x", $0) }.joined()
+        if let k = keysByKid[hex] { return k }
+        let swapped = Self.swapUuidEndianness(kid)
+        let swappedHex = swapped.map { String(format: "%02x", $0) }.joined()
+        return keysByKid[swappedHex] ?? primaryKey
+    }
+
+    static func sanitizeHex(_ raw: String) -> String {
+        raw.trimmingCharacters(in: .whitespacesAndNewlines)
+            .replacingOccurrences(of: "0x", with: "", options: .caseInsensitive)
+            .replacingOccurrences(of: "-", with: "")
+            .replacingOccurrences(of: ":", with: "")
+            .replacingOccurrences(of: " ", with: "")
+            .lowercased()
+    }
+
+    static func hex16(_ raw: String) -> Data? {
+        let clean = sanitizeHex(raw)
+        guard clean.count == 32, clean.allSatisfy({ $0.isHexDigit }) else { return nil }
+        var out = Data(capacity: 16)
+        var i = clean.startIndex
+        while i < clean.endIndex {
+            let j = clean.index(i, offsetBy: 2)
+            guard let b = UInt8(clean[i..<j], radix: 16) else { return nil }
+            out.append(b)
+            i = j
+        }
+        return out
+    }
+
+    /// Microsoft GUID / sommige ClearKey packs: DWORD/WORD little-endian in eerste 8 bytes.
+    static func swapUuidEndianness(_ b: Data) -> Data {
+        guard b.count == 16 else { return b }
+        return Data([
+            b[3], b[2], b[1], b[0],
+            b[5], b[4],
+            b[7], b[6],
+            b[8], b[9], b[10], b[11], b[12], b[13], b[14], b[15],
+        ])
+    }
+}

apps/ios/VMC/Playback/PlayerScreen.swift

@@ -386,19 +386,21 @@ struct PlayerScreen: View {
         loading = true
         error = nil
         if request.isLive {
+            let keys = request.needsClearKey ? (request.drm?.keys ?? []) : []
             player.playLive(
                 url: request.url,
                 fallback: request.fallbackUrl,
                 format: request.format,
-                clearKeys: request.drm?.keys ?? []
+                clearKeys: keys
             )
-            // Geef VLC tijd; bij ClearKey + blijvende fout → duidelijke NL-melding.
+            // ClearKey/DASH heeft meer opstarttijd (proxy + init/media segments).
-            try? await Task.sleep(nanoseconds: 2_500_000_000)
+            let waitNs: UInt64 = request.needsClearKey ? 8_000_000_000 : 2_500_000_000
+            try? await Task.sleep(nanoseconds: waitNs)
             if request.needsClearKey && (player.hasError || !player.isPlaying) {
-                try? await Task.sleep(nanoseconds: 3_500_000_000)
+                try? await Task.sleep(nanoseconds: 4_000_000_000)
                 if player.hasError || !player.isPlaying {
-                    error = "Deze stream vereist DRM-ondersteuning die binnenkort komt"
+                    error = player.errorMessage
-                    player.stop()
+                        ?? "Kon deze ClearKey-stream niet afspelen. Controleer netwerk of probeer opnieuw."
                 }
             }
         } else {

apps/ios/VMC/Playback/VLCPlayerController.swift

@@ -19,6 +19,7 @@ final class VLCPlayerController: NSObject, ObservableObject, VLCMediaPlayerDeleg
     let mediaPlayer = VLCMediaPlayer()
     private var lengthMs: Int32 = 0
     private var tick: AnyCancellable?
+    private var clearKeyProxyActive = false
 
     override init() {
         super.init()
@@ -77,20 +78,39 @@ final class VLCPlayerController: NSObject, ObservableObject, VLCMediaPlayerDeleg
         hasError = false
         errorMessage = nil
         stateText = "Live laden…"
-        let media = VLCMedia(url: url)
+
+        var playURL = url
+        var playFormat = format
+        clearKeyProxyActive = false
+
+        if !clearKeys.isEmpty {
+            do {
+                // MobileVLCKit kan CENC/ClearKey niet zelf; lokale proxy decrypt segmenten.
+                playURL = try ClearKeyDashProxy.shared.start(manifestURL: url, keys: clearKeys)
+                playFormat = "dash"
+                clearKeyProxyActive = true
+                stateText = "ClearKey laden…"
+            } catch {
+                hasError = true
+                errorMessage = error.localizedDescription
+                stateText = "Fout"
+                return
+            }
+        }
+
+        let media = VLCMedia(url: playURL)
         media.delegate = self
-        Self.applyLiveOptions(to: media, url: url, format: format, clearKeys: clearKeys)
+        Self.applyLiveOptions(to: media, url: playURL, format: playFormat)
         mediaPlayer.media = media
         media.parse()
         mediaPlayer.play()
         applySubtitleStyle()
-        if let fallback {
+        if let fallback, clearKeys.isEmpty {
             DispatchQueue.main.asyncAfter(deadline: .now() + 8) { [weak self] in
                 guard let self, !self.isPlaying || self.hasError else { return }
-                // Geen ClearKey op fallback tenzij zelfde DRM nodig is — probeer plain HLS/TS.
                 let fb = VLCMedia(url: fallback)
                 fb.delegate = self
-                Self.applyLiveOptions(to: fb, url: fallback, format: nil, clearKeys: [])
+                Self.applyLiveOptions(to: fb, url: fallback, format: nil)
                 self.mediaPlayer.media = fb
                 fb.parse()
                 self.mediaPlayer.play()
@@ -100,13 +120,10 @@ final class VLCPlayerController: NSObject, ObservableObject, VLCMediaPlayerDeleg
         startTicker()
     }
 
-    /// Best-effort DASH + ClearKey via libvlc media options.
-    /// MobileVLCKit heeft geen officiële ClearKey-API; we zetten gangbare demux/cenc-opties.
     private static func applyLiveOptions(
         to media: VLCMedia,
         url: URL,
-        format: String?,
+        format: String?
-        clearKeys: [ClearKeyEntry]
     ) {
         media.addOption(":network-caching=1200")
         media.addOption(":http-reconnect")
@@ -125,29 +142,6 @@ final class VLCPlayerController: NSObject, ObservableObject, VLCMediaPlayerDeleg
         } else if isHls {
             media.addOption(":demux=hls")
         }
-
-        guard !clearKeys.isEmpty else { return }
-        // Probeer meerdere option-namen die in libvlc/cenc-builds voorkomen.
-        for entry in clearKeys {
-            let kid = sanitizeHex(entry.kid)
-            let key = sanitizeHex(entry.key)
-            guard kid.count == 32, key.count == 32 else { continue }
-            media.addOption(":cenc-key=\(kid):\(key)")
-            media.addOption(":encryption-key=\(key)")
-            // Sommige builds: kid zonder scheiding + key als hex.
-            media.addOption(":demuxdump-key=\(key)")
-        }
-        // Extra hint voor ISO-BMFF CENC in DASH.
-        media.addOption(":no-spu")
-    }
-
-    private static func sanitizeHex(_ raw: String) -> String {
-        raw.trimmingCharacters(in: .whitespacesAndNewlines)
-            .replacingOccurrences(of: "0x", with: "", options: .caseInsensitive)
-            .replacingOccurrences(of: "-", with: "")
-            .replacingOccurrences(of: ":", with: "")
-            .replacingOccurrences(of: " ", with: "")
-            .lowercased()
     }
 
     func togglePlay() {
@@ -412,6 +406,10 @@ final class VLCPlayerController: NSObject, ObservableObject, VLCMediaPlayerDeleg
         tick = nil
         mediaPlayer.stop()
         mediaPlayer.media = nil
+        if clearKeyProxyActive {
+            ClearKeyDashProxy.shared.stop()
+            clearKeyProxyActive = false
+        }
     }
 
     func mediaPlayerStateChanged(_ aNotification: Notification) {

apps/ios/VMC/UI/SettingsScreen.swift

@@ -96,7 +96,7 @@ struct SettingsScreen: View {
 
             Section("Info") {
                 LabeledContent("App", value: "VMC iOS")
-                LabeledContent("Versie", value: "0.5.0")
+                LabeledContent("Versie", value: "0.5.1")
                 LabeledContent("Live TV", value: app.iptvEnabled ? "Aan" : "Uit")
                 LabeledContent("Events", value: app.eventsEnabled ? "Aan" : "Uit")
             }